Project scope includes the project results and the activities required and only the activities required to produce these results. Project scope management involves the processes required to ensure that the project is completed within the defined project scope. It encompasses scope verification, scope planning, scope definition, scope change control, and scope check. Project scope provides the basis for the project plan development. Sub-plans are thereby developed and the whole project plan is integrated.
PROJECT TIME MANAGEMENT
Project time management includes the processes required to ensure timely completion of the project. It involves project schedule development, analysis and control.
PROJECT COST MANAGEMENT
Definition
Project cost management involves predicting and planning project cost, and control the cost to ensure that the project is completed within the approved budget. It includes the processes such as project resource planning, cost estimating, cost planning and control.
Objectives Determination
Project clients and project stakeholders have implicit and explicit requirements on the project results. Their requirements should be documented and obtain the approval from all aspects. By needs identification and assessment, the approved and documented requirements come into the project objectives, such as quality, schedule, cost objectives and subproject objectives.
Scope Definition and Planning
Project scope definition and planning involves developing a written scope statement in terms of the project objectives, which provides a baseline to show whether the project or project phases are completed. The definition and planning of project objectives, technical indicators of deliverables, constraints, work principles, and management strategies and policies should be included in the written scope statement.
On defining project scope, the project is required to be decomposed. It may be subdivided into a deliverable-oriented PBS and a work-task-oriented WBS.
Scope Management plan Development
A scope management plan depicts how the project scopes will be managed and controlled. It should include an assessment of how likely, how frequently, and by how much the scope changes may occur. The scope management plan should also include a description of how scope changes will be identified and classified, and of the procedures by which the project scope may be changed.
Scope Management Implementation
Based on the scope management plan, control is exerted to the performing work items and activities, to ensure their compliance with the scope statement.
Establishment and maintenance of the scope change control system provides an important means for implementing the scope management.
By analyzing potential, visible, and actual scope changes, the project objectives should be ensured to be obtainable within the project life cycle. The scope change control system may be used to modify the project objectives when necessary.
Comparison of the project performance to the planed scope is made to determine whether the project objectives are obtained; if not, what are the causes and what actions should be taken?
Scope Change Management
The schedule, cost, quality, and requirements change of project clients will have effect on the project scope. They are also required to change responding to the scope change. Integration control and management should be therefore carried out. The change management deals with the existing or potential changes using responsive strategies and methods.
Change management may be performed by the change control system. It must be integrated with the project management information system. Change management involves documents management, risk analysis, configuration management, change control authorization and change procedure development.